Observant Muslims usually visit his tomb, or rawdhah, at least once in their lifetime during a pilgrimage known as Ziyarat, although this is not obligatory. 'The Prophet's Mosque') is of exceptional importance in Islam and serves as burial site of the last Islamic prophet, Muhammad, by whom the mosque was built in 622 CE. The city is considered to be the second-holiest of three key cities in Islamic tradition, with Mecca and Jerusalem serving as the holiest and third-holiest cities respectively. Medina is generally considered to be the "cradle of Islamic culture and civilization". Located at the core of the Medina Province in the western reaches of the country, the city is distributed over 589 km 2 (227 sq mi), of which 293 km 2 (113 sq mi) constitutes the city's urban area, while the rest is occupied by the Hejaz Mountains, empty valleys, agricultural spaces and older dormant volcanoes. As of 2020, the estimated population of the city is 1,488,782, making it the fourth-most populous city in the country. ![]() ![]() Medina, officially Al Madinah Al Munawwarah ( Arabic: المدينة المنورة, romanized: al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah, lit.'The Enlightened City', Hejazi pronunciation:, and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah ( المدينة, al-Madina, Hejazi pronunciation: ), is the second-holiest city in Islam and the capital of Medina Province in Saudi Arabia.
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